Tutorial Ebooks: Chemical Engineering

Showing posts with label Chemical Engineering. Show all posts

Thursday, January 1, 2009

Chemical Engineering Ebook Collection

http://rapidshare.de/files/20923265/WOODARD__F.__2000_._Industrial_Waste_Treatment_Handbook.rar

5.31 MB

Handbook of Thermodynamic Diagrams

http://rapidshare.de/files/20927174/YAWS__C._L.__1996_._Handbook_of_Thermodynamic_Diagrams__4_vols._.rar 82.31 MB

Valve Selection Handbook
http://rapidshare.de/files/20927920/ZAPPE__R._W.__1998_._Valve_Selection_Handbook__4th_ed._.rar 15.08 MB

Tuesday, December 23, 2008

Unit Operation and Chemical Engineering, 5th edition

This text contains much updated and new material in new areas such as fool processing, electronics, and biochemical applications. It is a text written for undergraduate students in the junior or senior years. An elementary knowledge of material and energy balances and of thermodynamic principle is assumed.

Note: this book may not be available for so long for download
http://rapidshare.com/files/175719857/5th_Ed__McCabe_-_0070448442.zip

Thursday, December 18, 2008

Pressure Vessel Design: The Direct Route (Advances In Structural Integrity)

This book explores a new, economically viable approach to pressure vessel design, included in the (harmonized) standard EN 13445 (for unfired pressure vessels) and based on linear as well as non-linear Finite Element analyses. It is intended as a supporting reference of this standard's route, providing background information on the underlying principles, basic ideas, presuppositions, and new notions. Examples are included to familiarize readers with this approach, to highlight problems and solutions, advantages and disadvantages.
* The only book with background information on the direct route in pressure vessel design.
* Contains many worked examples, supporting figures and tables and a comprehensive glossary of terms.

http://rapidshare.com/files/174135922/pressure_vessel_design-the_direct_route.zip

Sunday, July 6, 2008

Reservoir Water Quality Analysis

File : pdf, 11.21 MB, 191 pages

TOC

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
Section I. General
Purpose
Applicability
References
Background
Section II. Water Quality Assessment in Water
Quality Control Management
General
Planning and Analysis
Water Control Management

CHAPTER 2 WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS
Section I. Introduction
Definition of Water Quality
Reservoir-WatershedRelationship
Section II. Reservoir Description
Definition
Comparison to Natural Lakes
Classification of Reservoirs
Section III. Reservoir Characteristics and Processes
General
Physical Characteristics and Processes
Chemical Characteristics of Reservoir
Processes
Biological Characteristics and Processes
Section IV. Releases and Tailgaters
Releases
Tailwaters
Characteristics and Processes

CHAPTER 3 WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT
Section I. Designing the Assessment Plan
Establishing Objectives
Design Considerations
Elements of Assessment
Section II. Water Quality Assessment Program
Study Categories
Preimpoundment Assessment
Postimpoundment Assessment
Operational Monitoring
Modification of Operations
Modification of Water Control
Structures
Specific Water Quality Problems

CHAPTER 4 WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES
Scope
Section 1. Screening Techniques
General
Information Search
Project Characteristics and
Calculations
Site-Specific Water Quality Data
Section II. Diagnostic Techniques
General
Field Investigations
Laboratory Studies
Statistical Techniques
Water Quality Indices
Remote Sensing
Section III. Predictive Techniques
General
Regression Analysis
Comparative Analysis
Modeling
Nutrient Loading Models
Numerical Simulation Models
Physical Models

CHAPTER 5 WATER QUALITY DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Section I. Introduction
Purpose
Overview
Section II. Field Data Collection
Principles
Sampling Designs
Field Sampling and Analysis
Laboratory Analysis
Section III. Database Management
Database Management Systems
Selection Criteria
Section IV. Data Presentation
Methods
Summary Tables
Graphic Displays
Quality Assurance
Statistical Analysis

Download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering eBook Reservoir Water Quality Analysis

File : pdf, 11.21 MB, 191 pages

TOC

Download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering Industrial and Oily Wastewater Control

File : pdf, 1.54 MB, 239 pages

TOC

Section 1 INTRODUCTION

Section 2 INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT
2.1 Objectives
2.2 Industrial Pollutants
2.3 Source Control and Waste Reduction
2.4 Wastewater Flows and Characteristics
2.5 Wastewater Collection
2.6 Wastewater Treatment
2.7 Guidelines From Actual Experience

Section 3 OILY WASTEWATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT
3.1 Objectives
3.2 Sources
3.3 Discharge Criteria
3.4 Point Source Control
3.4.1 Segregation and Recovery
3.4.2 Process Change
3.5 Disposal of Oil
3.5.1 Reuse/Recovery
3.5.2 Incineration
3.5.3 Waste Hauler
3.5.4 Landfill or Land Disposal
3.6 Emergency Containment and Cleanup
3.7 Oily Wastewater Characteristics
3.8 Collection and Transfer
3.8.1 Ship Oily Wastewater Generation
3.8.2 Shoreside Collection Systems
3.8.3 Pressurized Pier Collection System
3.8.4 Gravity Flow Collection System
3.8.5 Pump Stations
3.9 Oily Wastewater Treatment
3.9.1 General
3.9.2 Treatment Requirements
3.9.3 Sulfide Control
3.9.4 Dissolved Metals Removal
3.9.5 Emulsified Oil Treatment
3.10 Design Criteria for Oil-Water Separators and Appurtenances
3.10.1 General
3.10.2 Load Equalization Tank (LET)
3.10.3 API Separator
3.10.4 Induced Gravity Separator
3.10.5 Skimming Dam
3.10.6 Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) and Induced Air Flotation (IAF)
3.10.7 Polishing Treatment Alternatives
3.10.8 Sludge Dewatering and Disposal
3.10.9 Oil Reclamation
3.10.10 Pumps, Valves, and Piping
3.10.11 Instrumentation

Section 4 METERING, INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL, AND CHEMICAL FEEDING
4.1 Scope
4.2 Related Criteria
4.3 Use of Criteria
4.4 Policies
4.5 Information Required
4.6 Wastewater Treatment Systems
4.7 Chemical Handling and Feeding

Download : pdf1

Download Technical Guidelines for Hazardous and Toxic Waste Treatment and Cleanup Activities

File : pdf, 5 MB, 373 pages

TOC

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
Purpose
Applicability
References
Explanation of Abbreviations and Terms
USAGE Responsibilities
Safety

CHAPTER 2. IDENTIFICATION AND SELECTION OF REMEDIAL ACTION/CORRECTIVE MEASURE ALTERNATIVES
Section I. Introduction
Three-Step Approach
Guidance
RI/FS Procedure

Section II. Determining the Nature and Extent of Contamination
Existing Site Conditions
Scoping
Site Characterization
Health and Safety Considerations
Data Base Requirements
Data Base Development
Community Relations During Site Characterization
Extent of Hazard

Section III. Establishment of Cleanup Criteria
Limits of Allowable Contamination Onsite and Offsite
Cleanup Standards
Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements
Risk Assessment
Technological Limitations on Cleanup

Section IV. Alternative Development and Screening
Developing Options
Alternative Development Process
Alternative Screening Evaluation
Alternative Screening
Treatability Investigations

Section V. Detailed Analysis of Alternatives
Background
Overview of Evaluation Criteria
Discussion of Evaluation Factors
Presentation of Individual Analyses
Comparative Analysis of Alternatives
Presentation of Comparative Analysis
Post-RI/FS Selection of the Preferred Alternative
Community Relations During Detailed Analysis
Removal Activities
Time-Critical Removal Actions
Non-Time-Critical Removal Actions
Removal Action Process

CHAPTER 3. CONTROL AND CONTAINMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Definition
Applicability
Techniques

Section I. Waste Collection and Removal
Drum Handling
Storage
Tank Cleaning and Demolition
Lagoon Management
Excavation of Landfills and Contaminated
Soils
Removal of Contaminated Sediments
Decontamination of Structures
Decontamination of Miscellaneous Media

Section II. Contaminated Ground-Water Plume Management
Ground-Water Pumping Systems
Wellpoint Systems

Extraction/Injection Well Systems
Subsurface Barriers
Slurry-trench Cutoff Walls
Grout Curtains
Sheet Pile Cutoff Walls
Membranes and Synthetic Sheet Curtains
Combination Barrier/Pump Systems
Subsurface Drains and Drainage Ditches

Section III. Surface Water Controls
Surface Water Diversion
Surface Grading
Surface Sealing
Revegetation

Section IV. Gas Control
Gas Generation and Migration
Passive Gas Control Systems
Active Control Systems

CHAPTER 4. TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
Applicability
Techniques

Section I. Treatment of Liquid Waste Streams
Definitions
Air Stripping
Biological Treatment
Carbon Adsorption
Chemical Oxidation
Resin Adsorption
Chemical Reduction
Precipitation
Flocculation and Sedimentation
Neutralization
Oil-Water Separation
Dissolved Air Flotation
Reverse Osmosis
Solidification/Stabilization
Ultrafiltration

Section II. Treatment of Sludges and Soils
Biological Treatment
Encapsulation
Low Temperature Thermal Desorption

Solidification/Stabilization
Thermal Destruction
Volume Reduction
Wet Oxidation
Evaporation

Section III. In Situ Treatment Technologies
Biological Treatment
Chemical Oxidation
Permeable Treatment Beds
Soil Flushing
Vapor Extraction

CHAPTER V. DISPOSAL TECHNOLOGIES
Definition
Applicability
Techniques
Regulatory Constraints

Section I. Onsite Disposal
General
Landfills
Deep Well Injection

Section II. Offsite Disposal
General
Landfills
Deep Well Injection

Download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering Electroplating Technical Synopsis

File : pdf, 4.9 MB, 78 pages

TOC

1. Introduction

2. Tabulation of Technology Alternatives
2.1 General
2.2 Space and Logistics
2.2.1 Shop Configurations
2.2.2 Tank Layouts
2.3 Selected Process Mechanics
2.3.1 Tank Construction Materials
2.3.2 Tank Linings
2.3.3 Bath Purification
2.3.4 Ventilation
2.4 In-Process Waste Control
2.4.1 water Reduction Methods
2.4.1.1 Proper Rinse Tank Design and Operation
2.4.1.2 Water Conservation Through Countercurrent Rinsing
2.4.1.3 Water Conservation Through Reactive Rinsing
2.4.1.4 Using Reactive Rinsing To Save water and Conserve

Chemicals
2.4.1.5 Improving Rinsing Efficiency Through Reactive

Rinsing
2.4.1.6 Cost of Reactive Rinsing Applications
2.4.2 Waste Reduction Methods
2.4.2.1 Single Drag-out Tanks
2.4.2.2 Multiple Drag-out Tanks
2.4.2.3 High Technology Controls
2.5 End-of-Pipe Treatment

3. Process Recommendations
3.1 General
3.2 Space and Logistics
3.2.1 Low Production Shops
3.2.2 Moderate to High Production Shops
3.3 Process Mechanics
3.4 Pollution Control
3.4.1 Alkaline Cleaning
3.4.2 Acid Cleaning
3.4.3 Anodizing
3.4.4 Black Oxide
3.4.5 Cadmium Plating
3.4.6 Chromium Plating (Hard)
3.4.7 Copper Plating
3.4.8 Nickel Plating
3.4.9 Phospate Coating
3.4.10 Silver Plating
3.4.11 Zinc Plating
3.4.12 Zincate

Download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering Electroplating Technical Synopsis

File : pdf, 4.9 MB, 78 pages

TOC

1. Introduction

Chemicals
2.4.1.5 Improving Rinsing Efficiency Through Reactive

Download : pdf1

The Complete Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe Design Manual and Installation Guide

File : pdf, 3.58 MB, 179 pages

by PIP

TOC

Chapt 1 - History and Physical Chemistry of HDPE Chapt 2 - Understanding Flow

Chapt 3 - Use of Corrugated HDPE Products

Chapt 4 - The Pipe/Soil Structure Actions and Interactions

Chapt 5 - Design Method

Chapt 6 - Installation and Construction

Chapt 7 - Durability and Service Life

Chapt 8 - Quality Control and Quality Assurance

Download : link

Chemical Grouting

File : pdf, 545 KB, 34 pages

TOC

Chapt1
Introduction
Purpose
Applicability
References
Definitions
Chemical Groutand Grouting
Special Requirements for Chemical Grouts
Advantages and Limitations of Chemical Grouts
Proponent

Chapt2
Chemical Grout Materials
Types of Chemical Grout
Factors Affecting Penetration
Sodium Silicate Systems
Acrylate Grouts
Urethanes
Lignins
Resins
OtherGrouts

Chapt3
Grouting Equipment and Methods
Grout-Mixing Equipment
Pumping Equipment
Pumping Systems
Injection Methods

Chapt4
Planning
Regulatory Requirements
Preliminary Planning
Laboratory Testing
Field Operations
Grout Availability

Download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering eBook Tritium Handling and Safe Storage

File : pdf, 800 KB, 146 pages

TOC

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose

1.2 Scope

1.3 Applicability

1.4 Referenced Material for Further Information

2.0 TRITIUM

2.1 Radioactive Properties

2.2 Physical Properties

2.3 Chemical Properties

2.4 Biological Properties

2.5 Preferred Forms

3.0 BASIC TRITIUM REGULATORY INFORMATION

3.1 Tritium Accountability

3.2 Tritium Safeguards and Security

3.3 Tritium Facility Safety Analysis and Regulatory Quantity Limits

3.4 Radiological Materials Quantity Limits

3.5 Tritium Unpackaging, Handling, and Packaging Areas, Quantity Limits

3.6 Tritium Waste Collection and Waste Packaging Area, Quantity Limits

3.7 Tritium Focus Group (TFG)

4.0 FACILITY DESIGN

4.1 Tritium System Philosophy

4.2 Building Ventilation System

4.3 Chilled Water System

4.4 Seismic and Wind Design and Evaluation of Structures and Facilities

4.5 Other Design Considerations

4.6 Lessons Learned 5.0 DESIGN OF EQUIPMENT

5.1 Material Compatibility

5.2 First Wall Design

5.3 Secondary Wall Design

5.4 Cleanup System Design

5.5 Storage System Design

5.6 Surveillance and Maintenance

5.7 Seismic Considerations

5.8 Fire Scenarios

5.9 Instrumentation

6.0 TRITIUM PURCHASING AND RECEIVING

6.1 Shipping Packages

6.2 Product Containers

6.3 Valve Container Operations

6.4 Receiving Tritium

6.5 Storage of Packaged Nuclear Materials

7.0 PACKAGING AND TRANSPORTATION

7.1 General Administrative Packaging and Transport Requirements

7.2 Selection of Proper Packaging

7.3 Package Loading and Preparation for Shipment

7.4 Documentation and Records

7.5 Quality Assurance/Control Requirements

8.0 TRITIUM WASTE MANAGEMENT

8.1 Approved Limits for the Release of Contaminated Materials and Property Containing Residual Radioactive

8.2 Waste Characterization 8.3 Waste Packaging 8.4 Waste Shipping

download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering Protective Coatings and Paints

File : pdf, 2.2 MB, 249 pages
TOC

Section 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose
1.2 Scope
1.3 Deterioration of Facilities
1.3.1 Corrosion of Metals
1.3.2 Deterioration of Wood
1.3.3 Deterioration of Concrete
1.3.4 Design Factors Affecting Deterioration
1.4 Control of Facilities Deterioration
1.4.1 Corrosion Control by Coatings
1.5 Painting for Purposes Other Than Protection

Section 2 COATING COMPOSITIONS AND CURING MECHANISMS
2.1 Coating Composition
2.1.1 Solvent
2.1.2 Resin
2.1.3 Pigment
2.1.4 Other Components
2.1.5 Spreading Rate
2.2 Mechanisms of Curing of Coatings
2.2.1 Air Oxidation of Drying Oils
2.2.2 Solvent of Water Evaporation
2.2.3 Chemical Reaction
2.3 Properties of Different Generic Types of Coatings
2.3.1 Alkyds and Other Oil-Containing Coatings
2.3.2 Water Emulsion (Latex) Coatings
2.3.3 Lacquers
2.3.4 Epoxy Coatings
2.3.5 Coal-Tar Epoxy Coatings
2.3.6 Polyurethane Coatings
2.3.7 Polyester Coating
2.3.8 Inorganic Zinc Coatings
2.3.9 Zinc-Rich Organic Coatings
2.4 Coating Compatibility
2.4.1 Bleeding
2.4.2 Disbonding of Old Paint
2.4.3 Topcoat Checking
2.4.4 Poor Adhesion of Latex Topcoats to Enamels
2.4.5 Oil-Based Paints Applied to Alkaline Surfaces

Section 3 ENVIRONMENTAL, OCCUPATIONAL, AND SAFETY ISSU
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Material Composition Issues
3.2.1 VOC Restrictions
3.2.2 Application Issues
3.2.3 Toxic Solvents
3.2.4 Hazardous Air Pollutants
3.2.5 Binders - Polyurethanes, Coal Tars, Asphalts
3.2.6 Heavy Metal-Containing Pigments and Additives
3.3 Issues Affecting Surface Preparation
3.4 Surfaces Coated With Leaded Paint
3.4.1 Background
3.4.2 Definitions
3.4.3 DOD Policy/Instruction
3.4.4 General Description of Lead-Based Paint Procedures
3.4.5 Waste Disposal
3.4.6 Demolition of Buildings Containing Lead-Based Paint
3.4.7 Sources of Detailed Information

Section 4 SELECTION OF COATINGS
4.1 Available Guidance
4.2 Selection Criteria
4.2.1 Desired Film Properties
4.2.2 Work Requirements or Limitations
4.2.3 Safety and Environmental Restrictions
4.2.4 Compatibilities
4.2.5 Costs
4.3 Specifications for Lead- and Chromate-Free Coatings With VOC Limits
4.4 Recommendations for Different Substrates
4.4.1 Recommendations for Wood
4.4.2 Recommendations for Concrete and Masonry Surfaces
4.4.3 Recommendations for Steel
4.4.4 Recommendations for Galvanized Steel
4.4.5 Recommendations for Aluminum

Section 5 COATING SYSTEMS FOR SPECIFIC USES
5.1 General
5.2 Painting New Construction
5.3 Fuel Storage Tanks
5.4 Steel Water Tanks
5.5 Other Steel Tanks
5.6 Steel Distribution Lines
5.7 Communication Towers and Other Tall Structures
5.8 Waterfront Structures
5.9 Hydraulic Structures and Appurtenant Works
5.10 Factory Finished Metal Siding
5.11 Chain Link Fences
5.12 Hot Steel Surfaces
5.13 Concrete Fuel Tanks
5.14 Concrete Swimming Pools
5.15 Concrete Catchment Basins
5.16 Chemically Resistant Finishes for Concrete Floors
5.17 Slip-Resistant Floors
5.18 Fouling-Resistant Coatings
5.19 Mildew-Resistant Coatings
5.20 Pavement Markings
5.21 Wooden Floors

Section 6 SURFACE PREPARATION
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Repair of Surfaces
6.3 Recommendations By Substrate
6.4 Standards for Condition of Substrates
6.5 Standards for Cleanliness of Substrates
6.5.3 Previously Coated Surfaces
6.6 Recommendations for Paint Removal
6.7 Methods of Surface Preparation
6.7.1 Abrasive Blasting
6.7.2 Acid Cleaning
6.7.3 Chemical Removal of Paint
6.7.4 Detergent Washing
6.7.5 Hand Tool Cleaning
6.7.6 Heat
6.7.7 Organic Solvent Washing
6.7.8 Power Tool Cleaning
6.7.9 Steam Cleaning
6.7.10 Water Blast Cleaning

Section 7 APPLICATION
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Paint Storage Prior to Application
7.3 Preparing Paint for Application
7.3.1 Mixing
7.3.2 Thinning
7.3.3 Tinting
7.3.4 Straining
7.4 Weather Conditions Affecting Application of Paints
7.5 Methods of Application
7.5.1 Selection of Application Method
7.5.2 Brush Application
7.5.3 Roller Application
7.5.4 Spray Application

Section 8 PREPARATION OF A PAINTING CONTRACT SPECIFICATION
8.1 General
8.2 Background
8.3 The CSI Format
8.4 Language to be Used in Specification
8.5 Construction Criteria Base

Section 9 INSPECTION OF PAINTING OPERATIONS
9.1 Scope of Section
9.2 Importance of Inspection
9.3 Contractor Quality Control Inspection
9.4 Duties of an Inspector
9.5 Inspection Equipment
9.6 Inspection Steps

Section 10 FIELD INSPECTION INSTRUMENTS
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Illuminated Microscope
10.3 Instruments for Use with Abrasive Blasting
10.3.1 Gage for Determining Nozzle Pressure
10.3.2 Wedge for Determining Diameter of Nozzle Orifice
10.3.3 Surface Contamination Detection Kit
10.3.4 Profile of Blasted Steel
10.3.5 Thermometers
10.3.6 Psychrometers
10.3.7 Wind Meter
10.3.8 Moisture Meter
10.3.9 Wet Film Gage
10.3.10 Dry Film Thickness Gages for Coatings on Aluminum, Copper, and Stainless Steel
10.3.11 Magnetic Dry Film Thickness Gages for Coatings on Steel
10.3.12 Destructive (Nonmagnetic Dry Film Thickness Gage)
10.3.13 Holiday Detector
10.3.14 Adhesion Tester
10.3.15 Portable Glossmeter
10.3.16 Hardness Tester

Section 11 ANALYSIS OF PAINT FAILURES
11.1 Definition
11.2 Documentation of Findings
11.3 Scope of Failure Analysis
11.3.1 Review of Specification for Coating Work
11.3.2 Review of Supplier’s Data
11.3.3 Review of Inspector’s Daily Reports
11.3.4 On-Site Inspection
11.3.5 On-Site Inspection Techniques
11.3.6 Laboratory Testing
11.3.7 Forming Conclusions and Preparing Reports
11.4 Expert System for Failure Analysis
11.4.1 Cosmetic Defects
11.4.2 Film Failures
11.4.3 Examples of Using Decision Trees

Section 12 PROGRAMMING MAINTENANCE PAINTING
12.1 Definitions of Programmed Painting and Maintenance Painting
12.2 Components of Programmed Painting
12.2.1 Initial Design
12.2.2 Plan for Monitoring Conditions of Structures and Their Protective Coatings
12.2.3 Types of Maintenance Painting
12.2.4 Plan for Maintenance Painting
12.2.5 Scheduling the Work

Section 13 GENERAL SAFETY PRACTICES DURING PAINTING OPERATIONS
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Standard Operation and Safety Plans
13.3 Hazard Communication
13.4 Toxicity Hazards
13.4.1 Entrance of Toxic Materials Into Body
13.4.2 Types of Toxic Materials
13.5 Respiratory Hazards
13.6 Hazards in Different Painting Operations
13.6.1 Surface Preparation
13.6.2 Painting Operations
13.6.3 Work in High, Confined, and Remote Places
13.6.4 Remote Areas
13.7 Personal Protective Equipment
13.8 Safety Program
Download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering User Guide for Desiccant Dehumidification Technology

File : pdf, 122 KB, 36 pages

TOC

1 Executive Summary

2 Pre-Acquisition:
Technology Description and Application
Possible Solutions Offered by Desiccant Dehumidification
Costs and Benefits
Sample Cost Summary
Life Cycle Cost/Benefit Prediction
Utility and Space Requirements

3 Acquisition/Procurement
Acquisition/Procurement Strategy
Potential Funding Sources
Procurement Documents
Procurement Scheduling
Design Considerations
Construction Considerations

4 Post Acquisition
Acquisition Scheduling
Commissioning
Operation and Maintenance issues
Performance Evaluation
Appx A: Vendors
Appx B: Example Scope of Work for Two-Wheel Desiccant Dehumidification
Systems
Appx C: Sample Specifications for Two-Wheel Desiccant
Dehumidification/Cooiing System

Download : pdf1

Download Air Pollution Control Systems for Boiler and Incinerators

File : pdf, 2.26 MB, 122 pages TOC CHAPT 1 GENERAL CHAPT 2 INCINERATOR EMISSIONS CHAPT 3 BOILER EMISSIONS CHAPT 4 STACK EMISSION REGULATIONS AND THE PERMITTING PROCESS CHAPT 5 MEASURING TECHNIQUES CHAPT 5 MEASURING TECHNIQUES CHAPT 6 CYCLONES AND MULTICYCLONES CHAPT 7 HIGH AND LOW ENERGY SCRUBBER SYSTEMS CHAPT 8 ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS CHAPT 9 FABRIC FILTERS CHAPT 10 SULFUR OXIDE (SOx) CONTROL SYSTEMS CHAPT 11 NITROGEN OXIDES (NOx) CONTROL AND REDUCTION TECHNIQUES CHAPT 12 EMISSION CONTROL EQUIPMENT SELECTION AND BOILERS CHAPT 13 FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS Download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering Handbook of PE Pipe

File : pdf, 8.01 MB, 535 pages TOC Chapter 1 Introduction Features and Benefits of HDPE Pipe Ductility Visco-Elasticity Summary References Chapter 2 Inspections, Tests and Safety Consideration Introduction Handling and Storage Handling Equipment General Considerations During Installation Inspection and Testing Post Installation Considerations for Post Start-Up and Operation Chapter 3 Engineering Properties Polyethylene Plastics History of Polyethylene Manufacture of Polyethylene Polymer Characteristics Molecular Weight Effect of Molecular Weight Distribution on Properties Mechanical Properties

Establishing Long-Term Design Properties

Tensile Creep Curves
Tensile Creep or Apparent Modulus
Stress Relaxation
Simplified Representation of Creep and
Stress-Relaxation Modulus
Creep Recovery
Creep Rupture
Long-Term Hydrostatic Strength
Rate Process Method Validation
Fracture Mechanics
Cyclic Fatigue Endurance

Short-Term Mechanical Properties

Tensile Properties

General Physical Properties

Impact Strength
Hardness
Abrasion Resistance
Permeability
Thermal Properties

Electrical Properties Flammability and Combustion Toxicit Chemical Resistance Aging Toxicological Properties Chapter 4 Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings Manufacturing Introduction Pipe Extrusion Raw Materials Description Extrusion Line Raw Materials Handling Drying Extrusion Principles Extruders Die Design Pipe Sizing Operation Cooling Pullers Take-off Equipment Saw Equipment and Bundling Fittings Overview Injection Molded Fittings Fabricated Fittings Quality Control/Quality Assurance Testing Chapter 5 Specifications, Test Methods and Codes for Polyethylene Piping Systems Introduction Properties and Classification of Polyethylene Material Material Selection and Specification

ASTM D-3350 ìStandard Specification for Polyethy
Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materialsî
Thermal Stability
Polyethylene Grade - D 3350
PPI Designations

Test Methods and Standards for Stress Rating, Dimensioning,Fittings and Joining of Polyethylene Pipe Systems

Pressure Rating of Polyethylene Pipe
Dimensioning Systems

Standard Specifications for Fittings and Joinings Codes, Standards and Recommended Practices for Polyethylene Piping Systems

Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI)
ASTM
ISO
NSF International
AWWA
Plumbing Codes
Other Codes and Standards
Factory Mutual

Chapter 6 Design of Polyethylene Piping Systems Introduction Section 1 Design for Flow Capacity Pipe ID for Flow Calculations

Pressure Rating for Pressure Rated Pipes
Fluid Flow in Polyethylene Piping

Head Loss in Pipes
Pipe Deflection Effects
Head Loss in Fittings
Head Loss Due to Elevation Change

Pressure Flow of Water ñ Hazen-Williams
Surge Considerations
Pressure Flow of Liquid Slurries
Compressible Gas Flow
Gravity Flow of Liquids
Flow Velocity
Pipe Surface Condition, Aging

Section 2 Buried PE Pipe Design Introduction Calculations Installation Category #1: Standard Installation-Trench or Embankment Installation Category #2: Shallow Cover Vehicular Loading Installation Category #3: Deep Fill Installation -Radial Earth Pressure Example

Ring Deflection of Pipes Using Watkins-Gaube Graph
Watkins ñ Gaube Calculation Technique
Moore-Selig Equation for Constrained Buckling

in Dry Ground

Critical Buckling Example

Installation Category #4: Shallow Cover Flotation Effects

Design Considerations for Ground Water Flotation
Unconstrained Pipe Wall Buckling (Hydrostatic Buckling)
Ground Water Flotation Example

Section 3 Thermal Design Considerations Introduction

Unrestrained Thermal Effects
End Restrained Thermal Effects
Above Ground Piping Systems
Buried Piping Systems

Chapter 7 Underground Installation of Polyethylene Piping Introduction Flexible Pipe Installation Theory Deflection Control Pipe Embedment Materials Terminology of Pipe Embedment Materials Classification and Supporting Strength of Pipe Embedment Materials Installation Procedure Guidelines Inspection References Chapter 8 Above-Ground Applications for Polyethylene Introduction Design Criteria Temperature Chemical Resistance Ultraviolet Exposure Mechanical Impact or Loading Design Methodology Pressure Capability Expansion and Contraction Installation Characteristics On-Grade Installations Restrained Pipelines Supported or Suspended Pipelines Anchor and Support Design Pressure-Testing Chapter 9 Polyethylene Joining Procedures Introduction General Provisions Thermal Heat Fusion Methods

Butt Fusion
Optional Bead Removal
Saddle/Conventional Fusion
Socket Fusion
Documenting Fusion
Heat Fusion Joining of Unlike Polyethylene Pipe

and Fittings Mechanical Connections

Mechanical Compression Couplings for Small

Diameter Pipes

Stab Type Mechanical Fittings

Mechanical Bolt Type Couplings for Large Diameter Pipes

Flanged Connections
Polyethylene Flange Adapters and Stub Ends
Flange
Special Cases
Mechanical Flange Adapters
Mechanical Joint (MJ) Adapters
Transition Fittings

Mechanical Joint Saddle Fittings

Repair Clamps Other Applications Chapter 10 Marine Installations Introduction The Float-and-Sink Method ñ Basic Design and Installation Steps

Selection of an Appropriate Pipe Diameter
Determination of the Required SDR
Determination of the Required Weighting, and of

the Design and the Spacing of Ballast Weights

Selection of an Appropriate Site for Staging, Joining and Launching the Pipe
Preparing the Land-to-Water Transition Zone and,

When Required, the Underwater Bedding

Assembly of Individual Lengths of Pipe Into Long

Continuous Lengths

Mounting the Ballasts on the Pipe
Launching the Pipeline into the Water
Submersion of the Pipeline Using the Float-and-Sink Method
Completing the Construction of the Land-to-Water Transition

Post-Installation Survey Other Kinds of Marine Installations Chapter 11 Pipeline Rehabilitation by Sliplining with Polyethylene Pipe Introduction Design Considerations

Select a Pipe Liner Diameter
Determine a Liner Wall Thickness
Determine the Flow Capacity
Design the Accesses
Develop the Contract Documents
The Sliplining Procedure
Other Rehabilitation Methods

Swagelining
Rolldown
Titeliner
Fold and Form
Pipe Bursting
Pipe Splitting

Chapter 12 Horizontal Directional Drilling Introduction Background Polyethylene Pipe for Horizontal Directional Drilli Horizontal Directional Drilling Process Geotechnical Investigation Product Design: DR Selection Design Considerations for Net External Loads Earth and Groundwater Pressure Performance Limits Performance Limits of HDD Installed Pipe Ring Deflection (Ovalization) Installation Design Considerations Pullback Force Tensile Stress During Pullback External Pressure During Installation Bending Stress Thermal Stresses and Strains Torsion Stress Chapter 13 HVAC Applications Introduction Ground Source Heat Pump Systems Types of Ground Heat Exchangers Pipe Specifications and Requirements Pipe Joining Methods Pipe Installation Pressure Testing Ground Heat Exchanger Solar Applications Collector Technologies Vacuum Systems Chapter 14 Duct and Conduit Introduction Conduit Specifications Applications Advantages of PE Conduit Installation Features Material Selection Physical Properties Design Considerations Installation Methods Joining Methods Friction in Conduit Systems Special Applications Bridge Structures download : link

Download Control Valve Handbook

File : pdf, 2.76 MB, 295 pages

TOC

1. Introduction to Control Valves1
What Is A Control Valve?
Process Control Terminology
Sliding-Stem Control Valve Terminology
Rotary-Shaft Control Valve Terminology
Control Valve Functions and Characteristics Terminology
Other Process Control Terminology

2. Control Valve Performance
Process Variability
Economic Results
Summary

3. Valve and Actuator Types
Control Valves
Globe Valves
Rotary Valves
Control Valve End Connections
Valve Body Bonnets
Control Valve Packing
Characterization of Cage-Guided Valve Bodies
Valve Plug Guiding
Restricted-Capacity Control Valve Trim
Actuators60

4. Control Valve Accessories65
Positioners
Other Control Valve Accessories
Limit Switches
Solenoid Valve Manifold
Supply Pressure Regulator
Pneumatic Lock-Up Systems
Fail-Safe Systems for Piston Actuators
Electro-Pneumatic Transducers
Electro-Pneumatic Valve Positioners
PC Diagnostic Software

5. Control Valve Selection
Valve Body Materials
Designations for the High Nickel Alloys
Pressure-Temperature Ratings for Standard Class
ASTM A216 Grade WCC Valves
Pressure-Temperature Ratings for ASTM A216 Cast Iron, ASTM B61 and B62 Cast Bronze Valves
Class Designation and PN Numbers
Face–to Face Dimensions
Wear & Galling Resistance Chart Of Material Combinations
Control Valve Seat Leakage Classifications
Class VI Maximum Seat Leakage Allowable
Typical Valve Trim Material Temperature Limits
Service Temperature Limitations for Elastomers
Ambient Temperature Corrosion Information
Elastomer Information Fluid Compatibility
Control Valve Flow Characteristics
Selection of Flow Characteristic
Valve Sizing
Sizing Valves for Liquids
Abbreviations and Terminology
Equation Constants
Determining Fp, the Piping Geometry Factor
Determining qmax (the Maximum Flow Rate) or Pmax (the Allowable Sizing Pressure Drop)
Liquid Sizing Sample Problem
Sizing Valves for Compressible Fluids
Determining xTP, the Pressure Drop Ratio Factor
Representative Sizing Coefficients for Single–Ported
Globe Style Valve Bodies
Representative Sizing Coefficients for Rotary Shaft Valves
Actuator Sizing
Rotary Actuator Sizing
Typical Rotary Shaft Valve Torque Factors
V–Notch Ball Valve with Composition Seal
High Performance Butterfly Valve with Composition Seal
Non-Destructive Test Procedures
Cavitation and Flashing
Choked Flow Causes Flashing and Cavitation
Valve Selection for Flashing Service, Valve Selection for Cavitation Service
Noise Prediction, Noise Control, Noise Summary
Packing Selection Guidelines

6. Special Control Valves
High Capacity Control Valves
Low Flow Control Valves
High-Temperature Control Valves
Cryogenic Service Valves
Customized Characteristics and Noise Abatement Trims
Control Valves for Nuclear Service in the USA
Valves Subject to Sulfide Stress Cracking

7. Steam Conditioning Valves
Understanding Desuperheating
Typical Desuperheater Designs
Understanding Steam Conditioning Valves
Steam Conditioning Valve Designs
Feedforward Design
Manifold Design
Pressure-Reduction-Only Design
Understanding Turbine Bypass Systems
Turbine Bypass System Components

8. Installation and Maintenance
Proper Storage and Protection
Proper Installation Techniques
Control Valve Maintenance
Reactive Maintenance
Preventive Maintenance
Predictive Maintenance
Actuator Diaphragm
Stem Packing
Seat Rings
Bench Set

9. Standards and Approvals
Control Valve Standards
American Petroleum Institute (API)
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Fluid Controls Institute (FCI)
Instrument Society of America (ISA)
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
International Standards Organization (ISO)
Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS)
NACE International
Product Approvals for Hazardous (Classified) Locations
North American Approvals
Approval Agencies
Types of Protection
Nomenclature
Hazardous Location Classification
Temperature Code
NEMA Enclosure Rating
CSA Enclosure Ratings
Intrinsically Safe Apparatus
Loop Schematic (Control Drawing)
Comparison of Protection Techniques
Intrinsically Safe Technique
Dust Ignition–proof Technique
Non–Incendive Technique
European and Asia/Pacific Approvals

10. Engineering Data
Standard Specifications For Valve Materials
Valve Materials Properties for Pressure–Containing Components
Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons
Specific Heat Ratio (K)
Physical Constants of Various Fluids
Refrigerant 717 (Ammonia)
Properties of Water,Saturated Steam,Superheated Steam
Velocity of Liquids in Pipe
Flow of Water Through Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
Flow of Air Through Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
Calculations for Pipe Other than Schedule 40

11. Pipe Data.
Pipe Engagement
Carbon and Alloy Steel – Stainless Steel
American Pipe Flange Dimensions – Diameter of Bolt CircleInches
American Pipe Flange Dimensions – Number of Stud Bolts and Diameter in Inches
American Pipe Flange Dimensions – Flange Diameter–Inches
DIN Standards
American Pipe Flange Dimensions – Flange Thickness for Flange Fittings
DIN Cast Steel Flange Standard

12. Conversions and Equivalents
Length Equivalents
Whole Inch–Millimeter Equivalents
Fractional Inches To Millimeters
Additional Fractional/Decimal Inch–Millimeter Equivalents
Area Equivalents
Volume Equivalents
Volume Rate Equivalents
Mass Conversion—Pounds to Kilograms
Pressure Equivalents
Pressure Conversion—Pounds per Square Inch to Bar
Temperature Conversion Formulas
Temperature Conversions
A.P.I. and Baumé Gravity Tables and Weight Factors
Equivalent Volume and Weight Flow Rates of Compressible Fluids
Viscosity Conversion Nomograph
Other Useful Conversions
Metric Prefixes and Symbols

download : pdf1

Download Safety and Health Requirements

File : pdf, 8.17 MB, 977 pages

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Program Management
A. General
B. Indoctrination and Training
C. Physical Qualification of Employees
D. Accident Reporting and Recordkeeping
E. Emergency Planning
F. Emergency Recovery Operations

2. Sanitation
A. General Requirements
B. Drinking Water
C. Toilets
D. Washing Facilities
E. Food Service
F. Waste Disposal
G. Vermin Control

3. Medical and First-Aid Requirements
A. General
B. First-Aid Kits
C. First-Aid Stations and Infirmaries
D. Personnel Requirements and Qualifications

4. Temporary Facilities
A. General

5. Personal Protective and Safety Equipment
A. General
B. Eye and Face Protection
C. Hearing Protection and Noise Control
D. Head Protection
E. Respiratory Protection
F. Body Belts, Harnesses, Lanyards, and Lifelines - Selection of Components
G. Electrical Protective Equipment
H. Personal Floatation Devices
I. Lifesaving and Safety Skiffs

6. Hazardous Substances, Agents, and Environments
A. General
B. Hazardous Substances
C. Hot Substances
D. Harmful Plants, Animals, and Insects
E. Ionizing Radiation
F. Nonionizing Radiation and Magnetic and Electric Fields
G. Ventilation and Exhaust Systems
H. Abrasive Blasting
I. Confined Space
J. Inclement Weather and Environmental Hazards
K. Cumulative Trauma Prevention
L. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Management

7. Lighting
A. General

8. Accident Prevention Signs, Tags, Labels, Signals, Piping System Identification, and Traffic Control
A. Signs, Tags, Labels, and Piping Systems
B. Signal Systems, Personnel, and Procedures
C. Traffic Control
D. Haul Roads

9. Fire Prevention and Protection
A. General
B. Flammable and Combustible Liquids
C. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LP-Gas)
D. Temporary Heating Devices
E. First Response Fire Protection
F. Fixed Fire Suppression Systems
G. Fire Fighting Equipment
H. Fire Detection and Employee Fire Alarm Systems
I. Fire Fighting Organizations - Training and Drilling
J. Fire Patrols
K. USACE Wild Land Fire Control

10. Welding and Cutting
A. General
B. Respiratory Protection
C. Fire Protection
D. Oxyfuel Gas Welding and Cutting
E. Arc Welding and Cutting
F. Gas Metal Arc Welding

11. Electrical
A. General
B. Overcurrent Protection, Disconnects, and Switches
C. Grounding
D. Temporary Wiring and Lighting
E. Operations Adjacent to Overhead Lines
F. Batteries and Battery Charging
G. Hazardous (Classified) Locations
H. Power Transmission and Distribution
I. Underground Electrical Installations
J. Work in Energized Substations
K. Communication Facilities

12. Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout)
A. General
B. Training
C. Periodic Inspections
D. Lockout and Tagout Devices
E. Applying and Removing Lockout and Tagout Devices

13. Hand and Power Tools
A. General
B. Grinding and Abrasive Machinery
C. Power Saws and Woodworking Machinery
D. Pneumatic Tools
E. Explosive-Actuated Tools
F. Chain Saws
G. Abrasive Blasting Machinery

14. Material Handling, Storage, and Disposal
A. Material Handling
B. Material Storage
C. Housekeeping
D. Material Disposal

15.Rigging
A. General
B. Wire Rope
C. Chain
D. Fiber Rope (Natural and Synthetic)
E. Slings
F. Rigging Hardware

16. Machinery and Mechanized Equipment
A. General
B. Guarding and Safety Devices
C. Cranes and Derricks - General
D. Crawler-, Truck-, Wheel-, and Ringer-Mounted, Cranes
E. Portal, Tower, and Pillar Cranes
F. Floating Cranes, Floating Derricks, Crane Barges, and Auxiliary Shipboard Mounted Cranes
G. Overhead and Gantry Cranes
H. Monorails and Underhung Cranes
I. Derricks
J. Helicopter Cranes
K. Material Hoists
L. Pile Drivers
M. Drilling Equipment

17. Conveyors
A. General
B. Operation

18. Motor Vehicles and Aircraft
A. General
B. Operating Rules
C. Transportation of Personnel
D. All Terrain Vehicles (ATV)
E. Aircraft

19. Floating Plant and Marine Activities
A. General
B. Access
C. Launches, Motorboats, and Skiffs
D. Dredging
E. Scrows and Barges
F. Navigation Locks and Locking

20. Pressurized Equipment and Systems
A. General
B. Compressed Air and Gas Systems
C. Boilers and Systems
D. Compressed Gas Cylinders

21. Safe Access and Fall Protection
A. General
B. Standard Guardrails and Handrails
C. Personal Fall Protection Systems and Safety Nets
D. Ladders
E. Stairways
F. Ramps, Runways, and Trestles
G. Personnel Hoists and Elevators

22. Work Platforms
A. General
B. Scaffolds - General
C. Metal Scaffolds and Towers
D. Scaffolds - Wood Pole
E. Scaffolds - Suspended
F. Crane Supported Work Platforms
G. Form and Carpenter’s Bracket Scaffolds
H. Horse Scaffolds
I. Pump Jack Scaffolds
J. Elevating Work Platforms
K. Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Work Platforms
L. Mast Climbing Work Platform

23. Demolition
A. General
B. Debris Removal
C. Wall Removal
D. Floor Removal
E. Steel Removal
F. Mechanical Demolition

24. Floor and Wall Holes and Openings
A. General

25. Excavations
A. General
B. Safe Access
C. Sloping and Benching
D. Support Systems
E. Cofferdams

26. Underground Construction (Tunnels), Shafts, and Caissons
A. General
B. Hazardous Classifications
C. Air Monitoring, Air Quality Standards, and Ventilation
D. Fire Prevention and Protection
E. Drilling
F. Shafts
G. Hoisting
H. Caissons
I. Compressed Air Work
J. Underground Blasting

27. Concrete and Masonry Construction and Steel Erection
A. Concrete and Masonry Construction - General
B. Formwork and Shoring
C. Precast Concrete Operations
D. Lift-Slab Operations
E. Structural Steel Assembly
F. Systems-Engineered Metal Building
G. Masonry Construction
H. Roofing

28. Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER)
A. General

29. Blasting
A. General
B. Transportation of Explosive Materials
C. Handling of Explosive Materials
D. Electromagnetic Radiation
E. Vibration and Damage Control
F. Drilling and Loading
G. Wiring
H. Firing
I. Post-Blast Procedures
J. Underwater Blasting

30. Contract Diving Operations
A. General
B. SCUBA Diving Operations
C. Surface Supplied Air Operations
D. Mixed-Gas Diving Operations
E. Equipment Requirements
F. Advanced Diving Technology
G. Scientific Snorkeling

31. Tree Maintenance and Removal
A. General
B. Tree Climbing
C. Felling
D. Brush Removal and Chipping
E. Other Operations and Equipment

32. Airfield Operations
A. General

download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering eBook-Water desalination

File : pdf, 1.8MB, 115 pages

TOC
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
Purpose
General design considerations
Special design considerations
Economic considerations

CHAPTER 2. SITE SELECTION
Site technical requirements
Water storage and system modularization

CHAPTER 3. WATER SOURCE SELECTION
General
Quality
Selection versus rejection of potential raw water sources

CHAPTER 4. PROCESS SELECTION
General process selection
Process limitations
Distillation/condensation energy
Membrane energy
Waste disposal
Preliminary process selection
Process selection

CHAPTER 5. PRETREATMENT CONSIDERATIONS
General
Chemical treatment
Degasification and deaeration
Filtration with granular media
Secondary filtration
Disinfection

CHAPTER 6 DISTILLATION/CONDENSATION TECHNIQUES
General
High-temperature distillation
Low-temperature distillation
Mechanical distillation
Thermal discharge
Design analysis
Materials of construction
Distillation/condensation system design

CHAPTER 7. MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES
Electrodialysis
Electrodialysis-reversal design
Reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis membrane staging configurations
Reverse osmosis system design
Materials of construction

CHAPTER 8. ION EXCHANGE
General
Pretreatment
Desalination
Demineralization

CHAPTER 9. POST-TREATMENT
General
Remineralization and aeration
Post-treatment of distilled water
Post-treatment of reverse osmosis product water
Post-treatment of electrodialysis-reversal product water

CHAPTER 10. WASTE DISPOSAL
General
Pretreatment wastes
Distillation/condensation system wastes
Membrame system wastes
Ion-exchange system wastes
Ultimate disposal
APPENDIX A. SAMPLE PROBLEMS
APPENDIX B. WATER TESTING REQUIRED FOR DESALINATION TREATMENT
APPENDIX C. REFERENCES

download : pdf1

Chemical Engineering eBook Water supply, water treatment

File : pdf, 2.43 MB, 70 pages

TOC
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL
Purpose and scope
Water treatment projects
Water quality criteria and standards

2. WATER TREATMENT PROCESSES
Process selection factor
Preliminary treatment
Aeration
Coagulation and flocculation
Sedimentation basins
Filtration
Disinfection
Fluoride adjustment
Taste-and-odor control
Softening
Iron and manganese control
Corrosion and scale control
Special processes

3.WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS
General design criteria
Plant siting
Process selection and design
Reliability
Operating considerations
Plant capacity

4.MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL
lMeasurement of process variables
Control
Design of instruments and controls
5.WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS
Chemical properties
Chemical standards
Chemical handling and storage
Chemical application

6.WATER TREATMENT PLANT WASTES
Quantities and characteristics of waste
Waste management

APPENDIX A WATER QUALITY CRITERIA AND STANDARDS
B DESIGN EXAMPLES
C LABORATORIES AND LABORATORY ANALYSES
D METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS
PREFERENCES
download : pdf1

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